Expression and Role of Toll-like Receptors in Facial Nerve Regeneration after Facial Nerve Injury

Facial nerve palsy directly impacts the quality of life, with patients facial showing increased rates depression and limitations in social activities. Although is not life-threatening, it can devastate emotional lives affected individuals. Hence, improving prognosis this condition vital importance. The determined by cause disease, degree damage, treatment provided. be easily damaged middle ear temporal bone surgery, trauma or infection, tumors peripheral surrounding secondary to systemic disease. In addition, idiopathic, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome autoimmune diseases may damage nerve. used for paralysis depends on cause. Treatment amputation injury varies depending comorbidities, duration injury. Recently, interest has Toll-like receptors (TLRs) related innate immune responses, as these are known regeneration. addition cells, both neurons glia central nervous system (CNS) (PNS) express TLRs. A comprehensive literature review was conducted assess expression role TLRs subsequent Studies rats mice have demonstrated TLR1–13. Among these, TLR2–5 TLR7 received most research attention relation degeneration TLR10, TLR11, TLR13 increase during compression nerve, whereas cutting injury, TLR1–5, TLR8, TLR10–13 increase, indicating that involved regeneration following each type Inadequate TLR absence responses hinder after damage. Animal studies suggest play an important